The Strategic GreenSourceTM ProgramGreen Business News Center:
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Sustainability in Business, Marketing & InnovationContentsGetting Your Business Engaged in Sustainability Cost Reduction through Green Initiatives Employee Engagement in Sustainable Business Practices Green Business and Engaging Employees: Getting Started Aligning Your Business with Sustainability Goals Green Employee Engagement: Green Marketing That Targets Employees Green Employee Engagement: The Best Ways to Establish Credibility Going Green: The Best Ways to Engage Employees in Sustainability Green Innovation: Driving Green Business Growth Green Marketing Strategy: Green Innovation that Creates Breakthrough Opportunities The Promise of Green Innovation: Some Opportunities in a Greener World Green Marketing: How to Execute a Successful Green Marketing Campaign Green Marketing and Innovation to Develop Green Products and Services Green Business and Engaging Employees: Getting StartedMotivating employees on green or sustainable business practices is the basis for success in green marketing and innovation. To succeed you must align internal practices with green business objectives. Quite possibly there may already be some informal green initiatives underway, started by environmentally conscious employees. So, start by informally investigating what is happening. It could span from small energy or paper-saving initiatives that are internal to customer promotions with a green component. You will get better results if you collect this information informally so employees that have initiated green activities do not hide them out of fear of having done something wrong. In addition, in collecting the information subtly you can avoid giving any incentive to over-reporting or spin in an effort to get credit for something perceived to be important. Now that you know what is really happening, you can publicize the results. Announce and celebrate the initiatives. And go beyond a one-time event. Develop a means that employees can share experiences and learning across the company. The best way to talk about green initiatives is in a down-to-Earth tone and language without hype or promotional elements. There is a strong propensity among the green audience to view with suspicion any pronouncement that seems overly celebratory or effusive. How you communicate is also important. For example, using a paper newsletter to talk about green initiatives will send an additional message: that you do not walk the talk. Be creative and use low impact methods, such as white boards, your Intranet, or send out the information on 100% recycled paper in the form of a desk blotter with useful tips on how to save energy. Importantly, allow your employees to speak for themselves. Give them the opportunity to talk about what they have done and why they did it. Direct connections and engaging across the employee base can be powerful. Interview them as a way to help other employees relate and buy-in. Also consider structural initiatives, including a green support group to facilitate communication and knowledge sharing. Assign champions for organizational units who can lead efforts and ensure coordination with other initiatives and with green business goals. Moving forward, maintain some informality or community feel to green initiatives to foster a sense of partnership between the company and its employees. It will motivate others to become involved and provide a sense of control and involvement that helps build momentum. Most important is ensuring there is an executive sponsor...ideally the CEO or President. That will establish the importance of focusing on green activities, and provide political cover for those that want to engage but are concerned about the reaction of middle managers who are not yet full bought-in to the idea. As activities align across the company, and employees become aware of the breadth of initiatives occurring, you will build momentum. Better yet, you will be on your way to a green future with more satisfied employees and the potential to capture new and growing revenue streams. Aligning Your Business with Sustainability Goals1. Be Real There are shades of green and you can start with easy, reasonable measures. Fundamentally, being green is about using less energy and resources per unit of output. Do it because it makes good business sense and talk about it that way. 2. Add a Face An executive sponsor who is actively involved is critical to success. It provides the clear sense of importance and relevance that will facilitate engagement in the behavioral changes needed to reduce energy and resource consumption. 3. Establish a Baseline Like other goals, green objectives should be Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, and Time-bound (SMART). First measure existing consumption per unit of output, then devise measurement, tracking, and reporting methods to ensure objectives are achieved. 4. Engage Your Employees Start by researching their attitudes, perceptions, and existing behaviors. Knowing that will enable you to develop effective strategies for communicating and persuading, and modifying behavior in support of green objectives. 5. Make it a Process, Not an Event Behavior cannot change without sustained focus and reinforcement. Celebrate small milestones early and often to build momentum. Facilitate employee feedback and involve them in the process to ensure unintended consequences are addressed or incorporated. Green Employee Engagement: Green Marketing That Targets EmployeesEmployees can be viewed as a marketing audience. They have differing attitudes, perceptions, and behaviors that distinguish them in the work environment. Thus, if you want to engage them in achieving green business objectives (and you should), you will be much more successful if you find out how they think, feel, and act in the workplace. Even with just 100 people in your employee base, you may find useful segments that can inform unique approaches to communicating, persuading, and engaging. What is more, identifying those segments is relatively easy by administering a survey. A questionnaire can address attitudes and perceptions, in addition to behaviors. For example: "I believe it is very important to turn off the lights when I leave the room." to capture the attitude, and "I turn off the lights whenever I leave a room." to capture the behavior. The survey questionnaire should be executed by a outside resource to alleviate concerns related to confidentiality, job security, and performance assessment. You may also be able to use a confidential code unique to each person, so you are able to target messages and actions based on the segments you identify. After you have administered the survey, you can conduct group and individual discussions to better understand the results and what drives the attitudes and behaviors. In those discussions, you can use projective techniques to gain a deep understanding of your employees' motivations. Evaluating the findings of your information gathering activities in the context of your green business objectives will inform the next steps. If employees in most segments seem prepared to support those objectives, you can begin to develop communications. If, however, there are segments that are unlikely to effectively support green business goals--either because attitudes or behaviors are not aligned--then your next step is to develop engagement programs. An employee engagement program could be promotional and designed to motivate changes and habituate new behaviors. To generate ideas and concepts for potential promotions, conduct creative brainstorming with the employees who would be the target of the promotion and need it to get motivated. The creative problem-solving should address a barrier (i.e., what is the problem) and the output should be three or four well-thought-out concepts, not 100 ideas on a list. You can then pick one or all of the concepts to be finalized and incorporated into the engagement program. With program concepts available you are ready to develop messages and communications. The messages should address attitudes and perceptions identified in the survey. You may segment the communications and target different messages to various groups of employees, or address all attitudinal, perceptual, and behavioral issues in one set of communications. The format should include all available means, including email, Intranet, large meetings, and cascaded messages. (Be wary of using paper to distribute a green message--it is the ultimate in a mixed message.) Lastly, to successfully change existing behaviors while habituating new behaviors, do not structure the program as an event with a kickoff and little or no active follow-up. Rather, conduct daily activities and reporting on progress in the first weeks, then every other day, and subsequently on a weekly or monthly basis. Using green marketing tactics to engaging your employees, you are likely to see a multiplying effect in the progress toward accomplishing your green business objectives. Green Employee Engagement: The Best Ways to Establish CredibilityEngaging employees in a green initiative is the best way to get started tapping into the market potential of green. There are seven areas to focus on first: lighting, paper use, HVAC, LEED certification, desktop computing, data centers, and travel. Some may be more or less relevant depending on the size and structure of your business. How you manage your facilities can have a substantive environmental impact. Lighting is more than just installing energy efficient fixtures. Yes, replacing incandescent and halogen lighting with fluorescent or LED fixtures will save energy. You can go farther though. If you have 24 hour facilities, consolidate night-time shifts in one location to reduce the area that must be lit. If your cleaning crews are spread out, bring them together to more quickly clean a smaller area, thereby reducing power consumption from off-hours lighting. You can incorporate promotions, such as "Lights-out Lunch" for those who may have access to natural light when they eat (a great way for the executive team to show some commitment for those that have lunch in their office). Involve your employees when adjusting the temperature in the work environment, and relax the dress code to allow appropriate warmer or cooler clothing. When you do adjust the heating and cooling settings, be sure to assess impact since there are often hot or cold spots in the work environment that may become unbearable if the overall change is too extreme. Promotions may be effective here too...such as having teams or sites compete on energy reduction. Use of paper, while not the most significant environmental impact for most businesses, is generally perceived by the public as a big opportunity for using less resources in the conduct of business. Internally, make duplex printing and copies the default options. Morover, encourage employees not to print or copy in the first place. Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design...LEED is a certification system administered by the US Green Building Council. The standards and certifications are for new or existing buildings or even just a floor of a building can be retrofitted to meet certification requirements. Primarily, this results in energy savings and a more attractive work environment for your employees. Information technology is a huge resource consumer in your business, of both electricity and paper. Be sure to turn off computers, printers, fax machines, and copiers at night. Use a black desktop and your monitors will consume less energy. Encryption, screen savers, and other applications may prevent computers from properly sleeping. Also consider that the bigger a file is, the more electrical energy it requires to be transmitted or saved. Thus, teach employees--especially those who work with large files like graphics--to use file compression whenever possible. Whether you operate data centers or outsource, your IT management can investigate efficiency options for the data center facility, and the servers used in your network. In addition, they can evaluate network efficiency and virtualization. Finally, take a look at commuting and travel practices. If you can, make mass transit an option (including operating a shuttle to a transit hub). Implement or expand telecommuting so employees can avoid commuting all together. Limit travel and make use of video conferencing whenever possible. In taking these steps you have a substantive basis for engaging employees in support of green business objectives. Going Green: The Best Ways to Engage Employees in SustainabilityWith consumer spending down, everyone is focused on reducing expense to drive increased profitability--since doing it with revenue growth is a year or two away. Sustainable business practices are a great context in which to reduce expenses. Sustainability is about doing something with less...less energy or fewer resources. Since both have associated costs, using less is an automatic expense savings. Engaging employees in sustainable business practices is a quick and efficient way to achieve those savings. While there will be some investment in communications, promotions, and incentives, it will likely be a lot less than infrastructure investments in IT, HVAC, and facilities (which can and should be part of a longer term strategy). Also, behavioral change can be implemented relatively quickly. It is very likely that some of your employees are already engaging in green business practices on their own. It could be as simple as turning out lights, shutting down computers, or reusing paper when printing. Through a structured engagement program, you have the ability to focus that energy and use it to drive business results. Additionally, with a social network platform you can ensure that they help drive progress by encouraging each other. The employee engagement program should be based on a clear understanding of your employees' attitudes and behaviors related to environmental concerns and green business practices. Use a survey to find segments composed of differing attitudes and behaviors. Then have moderated discussions with employees in each segment to get insight on their perceptions and motivations. Once you understand each segment, you can conduct ideation--or creative problem-solving--to identify ways to most effectively implement green business goals and sustainable business practices. This process also has the effect of demonstrating your commitment to involving employees, valuing their ideas, and gaining their robust support. That is really important: nothing kills a green initiative faster than employee subversion tactics (like tricking a thermostat to run the air conditioning). The engagement program should be structured to provide regular incentives and feedback for behavioral changes. It is a process, not an event. It is more effective to implement as a new routine rather than with a splashy kickoff that incorrectly sets expectations of quick and dramatic change. In fact, it will be the compounding of accumulated change over time that yields the most significant results. Meanwhile, as previously noted, some of your employees have already taken the initiative to go green in some way. Providing a forum in which everyone can learn about the results a few are having can facilitate broader change. Sharing success stories can encourage others to be supportive or even re-align their behavior to reduce energy or resource consumption at work. In person events are great for celebrating success and rewarding results, but an easily accessible technology platform will more effectively support the knowledge transfer that is the largest benefit of engaged employees. An easy way to establish this is to set up a Facebook page which employees can "fan" (beware: "friend" pages have a limited number of followers, so are impractical if you have more than 5,000 employees). If your Internet access policy precludes using this option, a SharePoint site or simple bulletin board may suffice. Thus, with a structured engagement program to effect positive behavioral change, and a network platform to facilitate information sharing, you can quickly establish momentum on green business objectives and achieve material expense reductions. Go green, get your employees on board, and start counting the savings. Green Innovation: Driving Green Business GrowthGreen Innovation can be incremental, such as an effort to embed green attributes in existing products, services, or business practices. However, it can also be radical, developing entirely new markets based on being completely green or sustainable. Regardless, the process to find the opportunity and understand how to capitalize on it is the same. Begin by understanding the market, looking for unmet needs or emerging trends...then identify solutions for problems engendered in either, test them in market, and refine/enhance them until ready for rollout. Step one is in understanding the market. If your innovation is incremental, you can rely on tried and true market research methods. Note that if your intent is to be radical, the process itself must be innovative. Traditional inputs plus traditional methods yields incremental results, while creative inputs plus cutting-edge methods will yield transformative opportunities. Some examples of creative inputs include: conducting ethnographic studies across markets where your product or service is utilized very differently, or by looking at different industries and how they address analogous issues. There are sophisticated insights techniques that get at root psychological issues, needs, and cognition. Thus, look to state of the art cognitive and behavioral psychological research techniques and apply them in business. Be careful who you employ to conduct the research to ensure the techniques are executed properly and the findings are valid. Once you have identified unmet needs and emerging trends in your area of opportunity, you are ready to define problem statements around which you will conduct creative problem-solving sessions (generally referred to as ideation). In this realm, traditional methods will yield incremental results. Approach this with the goal of generating lists of ideas and you will have lots of marginal ideas. Alternatively, if you approach this as a visualization exercise with the goal of producing finished concepts, you will be more likely to identify a potential breakthrough. Subsequently, concepts must be tested for appeal, understanding, and relevance. In addition, concept attributes will be evaluated and you will gather data to better understand the target market. The data is both quantitative, such as overall appeal, and qualitative, including comments the test audience makes about concept. If possible, you will then offer the new concept as a live product, service, or hybrid on a limited scale...a prototype or beta test. The interaction employees and customers have with a live prototype is invaluable. There are always unintended benefits and consequences which leads to consequent learning. You can also use the prototypical product or service to engage your customers in the innovation process by providing forums or channels for them to give you insight on their experience. Profile your prototype customers and segment their behavior with the product or service to more fully understand where the larger-scale opportunity lies. With all the knowledge you gain throughout the process, you are well positioned to succeed with your green innovation objectives. What is more, you can use this process to innovate not just with customers, but also with employees and suppliers to make your business practices and supply chain greener. Green innovation can be successful in either adding green attributes to existing products or services, or developing revolutionary new green offers. Either way, there is opportunity to make green from green. Green Marketing Strategy:
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